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Swine Disease IVD Raw Materials

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last update: 2019-07-30 02:09
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PRRS


Background:

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS is a highly contagious disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRV), which is characterized by fever, anorexia in infected pigs, late abortion, preterm delivery, stillbirth, weak and mummified fetuses, and respiratory disorders in pigs of all ages (especially piglets).


Clinical significance:

The blue ear virus of pigs was detected, and the onset of the disease occurred suddenly in the pig herd. In the initial stage, the onset of the disease was fever, with the temperature around 41℃, and the highest temperature was 40.5℃. Depressed spirit, do not eat; Eye conjunctivitis, eyelid edema; Cough, wheezing, dyspnea, frothy or thick nasal discharge from nostrils; Red skin, purple ears, abdomen and extremities and other areas of the skin was purple patches or papules like; Some of the sick pigs showed weakness, inability to stand or ataxia in the hindquarters.




PCV Porcinecircovirus


Background:

PCVPorcinecircovirus  is one of the smallest animal viruses ever found. PCV is known to have two serotypes, namely PCV1 and PCV2. PCV1 was a non-pathogenic virus and PCV2 was a pathogenic virus. PCV2 is weaned piglets more system failure syndrome (PostweaningMultisystemicWastingSyndrome, PMWS), dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PNDS) the main pathogens, PMWS originally found in Canada.


Clinical significance:

1. Ⅱ F method appropriate to detect the PCV in cell cultures. Pk-15 cells were cultured with tissue material and covered glass, fixed with acetone, and PCV was detected and classified by the reaction of rabbit anti-pcv serum with PCV in cell culture.

2.ELISA can be used to detect virus antibodies in serum. Using cell culture virus (PCV2) as antigen and PCV2 specific monoclonal antibody as competitive reagent to establish competitive ELISA method, the detection rate of competitive ELISA method was 99.58%, while the detection rate of indirect immunofluorescence method was only 97.14%. This method can be used for large-scale monitoring of PCV2 antibody.




Swine fever


Background:

Swine fever, commonly known as "bad intestine disease", is a highly infectious disease, which is one of the main infectious diseases threatening the pig industry. Chronic necrotizing enteritis of cellulose, often secondary to paratyphoid and pasteurellosis.


Clinical significance:

1.Detection of virus antigen the rapid detection of virus antigen of CSFV is very important for the diagnosis of CSFV. At present, the rapid and sensitive detection method is to detect tonsil tissue by immunohistochemistry. CSFV antigen in tonsils can be detected as early as 2d after infection. Lymph nodes, spleen and pancreas can be used as tissue samples for early detection of the virus. Delas Mulas and Narita et al. reported an immunohistochemical method for the detection of CSFV antigen. That is to say, immunohistochemistry of tissue samples fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin was detected by monoclonal antibody against E2 glycoprotein. The advantage of this method is that it can detect the samples stored for a long time. And formalin fixed tissue can no longer be isolated virus. Immunohistochemical method using linase-biotin-peroxidase (ABc) can also be used for the detection of antigen in tissue sections of swine fever virus. It is reported that flow cytometry can also be used to detect CSFV in blood samples, but its sensitivity is low. The virus of piglets infected with swine fever was detected by antigen capture ELISA. But its sensitivity and specificity are lower than traditional laboratory methods.


2.The isolation of infectious virus is the most specific method to detect infectious swine fever virus in vitro. Several methods have been reported to isolate viruses from tissues and whole blood. Some researchers, however, have found that white blood cells and monocytes take longer to catch the virus after an animal is infected. Therefore, the early diagnosis of swine fever. Whole blood or plasma may be more sensitive than white blood cells. The cells most commonly used for isolation of CSFV are porcine kidney cells (PKl 5 or SK6) or porcine testicular cells (sT). A porcine kidney - derived cell line (fs-l3) was established in Japan. Fs-l3 cells are large domed in the absence of virus infection. Several times to tens of times more than ordinary cells. However, once infected with CSFV, the large round spheres of fs-l3 cells disappeared. This characteristic has been used to determine the neutralization test of swine fever virus and other biological characteristics. It has been found that the cause of the cytopathic strain is a genetic change. From the first nucleotide at the 5 'end to 4764 nucleotides were missing. Genes including the 5 '-terminal non-coding region, autoproteolytic enzymes, capsid proteins, glycoproteins (E0, E1, E2), nonstructural proteins ns-1, and ns-2 are all missing.




Pseudorabies virus


Background:


Pseudorabies virus belongs to Herpesviridae and porcine herpes virus. The virus particles are round, with a diameter of 150 ~ 180nm and a nucleocapsid diameter of 105 ~ 110nm. The outermost layer of virions is the viral envelope, a lipid bilayer derived from host cells. On the surface of the capsule, there are some 8 ~ 10nm radial fibrinae.


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